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What Is a CVE and Why Should Every Developer Care

Unlocking the secrets of vulnerabilities—before they unlock you

AttackVector Team

AttackVector Team

Security Researchers

|January 7, 20268 min read

Summary

Dive into the world of CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) to understand why they're vital for developers and businesses. Learn how CVEs are assigned, the role of the NVD database, and how tools like AttackVector can streamline CVE management. With real-world examples such as the Equifax breach and Log4Shell, plus practical steps for testing and monitoring, you'll gain actionable insights to fortify your codebase.

ELI5 — The Simple Version

Think of CVEs like 'security alerts' for software. Just as your phone notifies you of app updates, CVEs alert developers to potential security holes. Imagine a thief exploiting a broken window to enter your home. A CVE is the notice about that broken window, so you can fix it before the thief gets in. Developers need these alerts to keep software safe.

Hook: The Price of Ignorance

Remember the Equifax breach in 2017? A single unpatched Apache Struts vulnerability—CVE-2017-5638—compromised 147 million records. This wasn't merely a technical oversight; it was a $700 million wake-up call about the importance of CVEs.

What Are CVEs?

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) are unique identifiers for publicly known cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Each CVE entry contains a description, references, and sometimes exploit information. Standardized by MITRE, these identifiers ensure consistency across the industry.

How CVEs Are Assigned

CVE IDs are assigned by a CVE Numbering Authority (CNA), organizations authorized by MITRE to manage CVE assignments. When a new vulnerability is discovered, a CNA evaluates its scope and impact before assigning a CVE ID, ensuring that each vulnerability is consistently tracked and addressed.

The NVD Database

The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) is a comprehensive repository of CVE entries. Managed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the NVD enhances CVE data with severity scores, impact metrics, and other valuable information. Developers and security teams rely on the NVD to prioritize vulnerabilities based on risk.

Real-World Breach: Log4Shell

In December 2021, the Log4Shell vulnerability (CVE-2021-44228) made headlines. Affecting the popular Log4j logging library, this CVE allowed remote code execution—a nightmare for any developer. Within days, attackers were scanning the internet, exploiting weak spots in countless systems.

Testing for CVEs

To test for vulnerabilities like Log4Shell:
  1. 1Use nmap to scan your network for servers running Log4j.
nmap -p 80 --script http-vuln-cve2021-44228 <target>
  1. 1Deploy a tool like nuclei with custom templates to automate detection.
  2. 2Review logs for unusual activity, especially new outbound connections.

What Not to Do: Ignoring CVEs

Consider the MOVEit breach. In 2023, a critical vulnerability (CVE-2023-34362) was left unpatched, leading to unauthorized data access. Organizations that underestimated the severity found themselves in hot water.

Why Developers Must Care

  1. 1Security Debt: Accumulating unpatched vulnerabilities is like piling up credit card debt. Eventually, you pay the price.
  2. 2Reputation Risk: Breaches can tarnish a company's reputation, leading to lost trust and customers.
  3. 3Legal Implications: Many industries have regulatory requirements mandating prompt vulnerability management.

How AttackVector Helps

AttackVector automatically matches CVEs to detected technologies during scans, streamlining the process and helping you quickly identify and address vulnerabilities. Imagine a tool that highlights every weak link in your chain before it breaks—that's the power of CVE integration.

Conclusion

Ignoring CVEs is like covering your eyes during a storm; it doesn't stop the rain. Developers must actively track and address vulnerabilities to protect their code and their company. Run regular scans, patch diligently, and leverage tools like AttackVector to stay ahead of threats.

Key Takeaways

  • 1Scan your software for known CVEs using tools like nmap and nuclei.
  • 2Patch vulnerabilities promptly to prevent exploitation.
  • 3Monitor the NVD for new CVEs and updates in real time.
  • 4Configure automated alerts for CVE disclosures relevant to your tech stack.
  • 5Audit your systems regularly to ensure all known CVEs are addressed.

Referenced CVEs